Apart from congenital heart disease, there is an acquired defect of this main human organ. Such a heart disease is formed after the birth of a person and is the result of damage to the partitions or valves of the heart chambers in various diseases, more often due to rheumatism.
The acquired defect can take the form of a change in the shape of the valve, wrinkling of its valves. As a result of this modification, the valves cannot completely close the holes between the chambers of the heart. Due to such insufficient closure, a proportion of the blood flows back to those parts of the heart from which it came. This forms an extra load on the “motor”, increases its mass, and leads to fatigue. A similar variant of acquired heart disease is called valve insufficiency.
The second form is a disease of the heart valve with fusion of its valves. Which leads to a decrease in the lumen between the chambers, it also interferes with normal blood flow, closing it a little. This is called stenosis. If two types of acquired heart disease — stenosis and valve insufficiency — affect the heart at the same time, the combined defect is confirmed.
A person with this disease is able to really not guess about it, since the additional cardiac abilities are really great, and will compensate for the work of the sick department due to the increased work of the rest. Such a defect is called compensated, the symptoms of the disease can only be detected by a cardiologist: these are characteristic heart murmurs, a modification of tones and its dimensions. But the potential of the human heart is not unlimited, and the progression of the disease leads to the depletion of reserves and the formation of heart failure. In this case, heart disease is called decompensated, this condition can be exacerbated by exacerbations of heart disease, emotional stress, extreme physical overload, pregnancy and childbirth, infectious diseases.
Violation of compensation is usually reversible: the doctor sets the patient’s treatment depending on the type of heart disease. To select methods of treatment and check the patient’s condition, it is necessary to periodically undergo an examination of the activity of the heart muscle and take readings. You do not need to buy an electrocardiograph on your own for this, usually at the appointment this is done by the attending physician on a stationary device in the clinic. The patient’s routine is also important, especially at the time of decompensation: he must be gentle, but it is appropriate to completely renounce physical activity only in a very serious condition. It is important to follow the cardiologist’s prescriptions in relation to the diet, which is sometimes quite rigid. If conservative therapy fails, the cardiologist may advise the patient to undergo surgery. Surgery for heart disease brings excellent results, saving the patient not only from the consequences of heart disease, but also eliminating the disease itself.
It is known that walking is one of the optimal exercises for training the cardiovascular system.