Respiratory diseases occupy an important place in the structure of morbidity and mortality in the child population. Upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) are the most common diseases in children and account for about 90 percent of all RTIs.
Throat and pharynx infections are among the diseases that are a frequent reason for visiting a pediatrician and a general practitioner. Recurrent infections are often viral and bacterial in nature.
For the treatment of community-acquired IDP, according to indications, macrolides, cephalosporins of I and II generations, semi-synthetic penicillins are used.
Indications for antibiotic therapy are:
— the age of the child — the first six months of life;
— complicated course of bronchitis (neurotoxicosis);
— the presence of an unfavorable premorbid background (prematurity, birth trauma, malnutrition);
— the presence of active foci of infection (tonsillitis, otitis media, etc.);
— suspected bacterial infection (fever, temperature 39.0 ° C, lethargy, refusal to eat, increased ESR).
In combination with antibacterial drugs, symptomatic therapy is used:
— mucolytic and expectorant agents;
— antitussive drugs for unproductive, obsessive dry cough;
— antihistamines;
— multivitamins in physiological doses;
— with hyperthermia — antipyretic drugs.
In the symptomatic treatment of IDP, which is accompanied by a productive cough, the complex preparation Trifed has proven itself well. Its components — pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, triprolidine hydrochloride and guaifenesin — provide bronchodilator, expectorant and anti-allergic effects of the drug.
In addition to pharmacotherapy, children are prescribed vibration massage, postural drainage, physiotherapy procedures (UHF therapy, microwave therapy, various electrophoresis options, antibacterial programs using lidomedbio devices).
A multicenter study has recently been completed to determine the structure of diseases in children requiring the use of antibiotic therapy, and to study the effectiveness of Lexin in pediatric practice at the prehospital stage. With signs (layering) of a bacterial infection, patients were prescribed a 1st generation cephalosporin Leksin.
The indicators of clinical analysis were:
— nosological form of the disease;
— duration of treatment;
— duration of hyperthermia;
— content of intoxication;
— lymphadenopathy;
— the dynamics of the course of the disease and the picture of peripheral blood (the presence of leukocytosis and the shift of the formula to the left were assessed).
According to the results of the questionnaires, the effectiveness of the antibiotic Leksin in the treatment of most acute respiratory infections of a bacterial nature at the prehospital stage has been clinically proven. The effectiveness of the drug was 98.7%. Only in 1.4% of patients the use of Lexin was ineffective. This situation may have been determined by antibiotic insensitive flora. Allergic and other reactions were not observed when using Lexin.
According to the results of the study, we can conclude that Lexin is an effective and safe drug that can be widely used in pediatric practice. Indications for its use are diseases of the bacterial nature of the respiratory tract, skin and others. In the vast majority of respiratory diseases in children, the spectrum of possible etiologically significant microbes can be treated with Lexin.