This question in the world causes a lot of controversy and interpretation. There are opinions “for”, there are “against”. Is surrogate motherhood permissible from a moral and ethical point of view, under what conditions to give permission — these and other questions concern the public. Here are some arguments put forward by opponents of surrogate motherhood. Firstly, the surrogate mother suffers morally, her psyche is traumatized, since it is not at all easy to endure in her womb, give birth, and then give a small treasure into the wrong hands. Secondly, what can such unprincipled trade lead to when a child becomes a commodity. Feminists believe that this is the exploitation of women, and it’s not worth talking about feelings at all, since the laws of a market economy come into force here. Thirdly, the biological mother may not accept, as her own, a child born by another woman, as a result of which a number of psychological problems will appear, both for the growing baby and for the mother herself. Fourthly, it is contrary to all the laws of nature and contrary to the plan of God. Muslims and Christians condemn surrogate motherhood and see it as a violation of the sacrament of conception. Surrogate mothers also have supporters who support, console and give advice, putting forward many arguments in defense. The first and main argument is the absence of another chance to have a child. But every normal woman wants to have a child, take care of him, buy children’s goods for a newborn, raise her child, be a mother. Secondly, women do it of their own free will, and not under duress. Thirdly, an attempt is made to refute the fact of enrichment, the spiritual impulse of the surrogate mother, her desire to help her neighbor are brought to the fore. The European Society for Human Reproduction (ESHRE) also has an opinion and develops ethical provisions. ESHRE representatives believe that, firstly, the risk and the code of moral laws cannot be the reason according to which surrogacy will be prohibited. In response to feminists, they argue that in the presence of an altruistic position, there can be no violation of feelings and dignity, as well as no exploitation. In order to prevent altruism from turning into a business, only pregnancy expenses are compensated — food, medical care, clothing and reimbursement of income or wages that a woman loses when she becomes pregnant. It is obligatory to sign an agreement that clearly spells out the duties of biological parents and surrogate mothers, and which even takes into account the interests of the partner or husband of the surrogate mother. Only voluntary consent from the surrogate mother is accepted, abortions are allowed only according to medical indications. The child also has the right to know that he was born from a surrogate mother. Hot debates on this topic flare up more and more, and childless couples rejoice at the opportunity to have a long-awaited child, although, of course, there are other ways, for example, adoption or adoption of a child from an orphanage.
